Calculating machine



April 20, 1943. RACZ CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet l 77165; Baez A TTORNE Y5 April 20, 1943. RACZ 2,317,086

CALCULAT ING MACHINE Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR E/med Rcwz FL UM .Dmrw @141 MT ATTORNEYS April 20, 1943. E. RACZ 2,317,086

' CALCULATING momma Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR H2651 E3, cz .M M,

' A TTORNEKS E. RACZ CALCULATING MACHINE April 20, 1943.

Filed April. 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 R k WM 0 6 E T v N a N ME m 4 April 20, 1943, I cZ 2,317,086

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 WENVENTOR BY ,ajmesf Baez $82M, Mai/1% :44

ATTORNEYS April 20, 1943. E. RACZ CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 ow WWW mm INVENTOR frrzesf Pacz ,M, m

A TTORNE YS April 20, 1943. RACZ CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 If. 4- 9 ||||||||||||||||||rm IW/ INVENTOR 7/1652 P362 15/ E 4 TTORNEYJ April 20, '1943. E. RACZ CALCULATING MACHINE 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed April 22, 1939 INVENTOR l fiacz ,Mm

Fig. 9

ATTORNEYS April 20; 1943.

Filed April 22, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 i W K L E D G E R 1 OLD BAL DATE FOLIO DEBI'I'S CREDITS NEW BALANCE OLD EAL PROOF or (N. A.) (SUB TOT) or T (TOTAL) l 1 2 3 4 5 e l '7 10.00 JAN 15 123 10.00 20.Oos 10.o0-; 10.00: 20.00 JAN 15 s0.0o- 10.00s 20.00- i 50.00OR

I l0.00 JAN 15 125 25.00 15.008 10.00 1 25.0%

I l I RESULT BOTH RESULT I BOTH J KEYS BARS KEYS -BARS LOCKED LOCKED LOCKED I LOCKED W INVENTOR By 77765! 52m A TTORNEY-S Patented Apr. 20, 1943 CALCULATING MACHINE Ernest Racz, Detroit, Mich assignor to Burrough; Adding Machine Company, Detroit, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Application April 22, 1939, Serial No. 289,388

7 Claims. ((1.235-60) This invention relates tocalculating machines and more particularly to a machine which may be used for ordinary listing operations such as addition, subtraction, and the accumulation of positive and true negative totals, as well as for bookkeeping operations such as the posting of ledger sheets and the printing of a proof of the postings on a separatesheet.

There are of course many calculating machines at the present time which are in general capable of performing the foregoing types of work. Most, if not all, of these machines, however, are relatively large machines and require the services of specially trained operators. Many relatively small business organizations require or could profitably use a relatively small bookkeeping machine, particularly if the machine was readily convertible into an ordinary calculating machine adapted to the usual type of work for which these machines are employed. In such installations the machines are generally operated by operators not specially trained in the use of bookkeeping machines and who at best usually only operate the machine at infrequent periods. Therefore it is highly desirable, if not necessary, that small machines of this type be as fully automaticand asfool-proof as possible, so as to enforce proper operation and prevent misoperation.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved calculating machine.

It is also an object of thisinvention to provide an improved calculating machine that is readily convertible from a straight adding machine to a bookkeeping machine. 7

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a bookkeeping machine in which proper operation thereof is automatically controlled and enforced. Y

Further objects and their resultant advantages will'be apparent from the following description, particularly when taken in connection with the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a right side elevation of a. machine with casing removed, embodying the principles of this invention and illustrating mainly the controls utilized for ledger posting and with the carriage in starting or column I position.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the front portion of the machine omitted from Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 is a right-side elevation of the upper rear portion'of the machine showing particularly the paper carriage mounting, the platen linespacing means and the normalizing means.

Fig. 2 is a right side elevation of the machine illustrating primarily main operating mechanisms of the machine, most of the ledger posting controls being omitted.

Fig. 3' is a plan of a portion oi the keyboard. 0

, Fig. 4 is a rear'elevation of a portion of the paper carriage and associated parts illustrating the carriage controls, the carriage being in column I position.

Fig. 4 is a partial rear elevation of the machine showing particularly certain parts of the carriage controls.

Fig.- 5 is an enlarged view of certain of the parts shown in Fig. 4 with the paper carriage in its column 8 position.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of anothenportion of Fig. 4 illustrating the parts in active position.

Fig. 7 is a partial right side elevation of the carriage control and result key mechanisms, the parts being in position with the carriage in the last or column 1 position.

Fig. 8 is a partial side elevation of the two motor bars, both being in raised or. undepressed position.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged end elevation of the totalizer section of the machine.

Fig. 10 is a detail view of portions of the clutch mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a portion of the tabulating mechanism.

Fig. 12 is an illustration of a sample of ledger posting that may be performed in a machine embodying this invention.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail of portions of the upper'part of the machine.

The invention is shown applied to a Burroughs portable machine which is on the market and the general features of which are well-known and shown in many prior patents. Only such portions of the machine as are associated directly with the present invention will be described in detail, reference being made to the Horton Patents Nos. 1,853,050 and 1,853,053, and to the Butler Patents Nos. 1,992,142 and 2,118,588 for details of those mechanisms embodied in the machine of the present invention but not involved directly with the present invention. It is to be understood, of course, that the invention can be incorporated in machines of other makes and types.

General calculating machine features The machine is provided with a keyboard I having a plurality of banks of depressible amount keys 2, there usually being nine banks of nine keys each. The keyboard is also provided with a bank of control keys (Fig. 3) comprising a subtotal key ST, a total key T, a credit.

balance key Cr., a non-add key NA, a repeat key R, and an error key E.

The machine may be either hand operated or motor driven. The illustrated machine is a motor driven machine of the type shown in the Horton Patent No. 2,004,282 and is also provided with an add motor bar +M and a subtract motor -M for controlling a motor 5 and causing the machine to perform either addition or subtraction as described in the Butler Patents Nos. 1,992,142 and 2,118,588. Motor 5 actuates the main operating means by mechanism shown in the above Horton patent and drives the main drive shaft 6 first counterclockwise to give the machine a forward stroke of operation after which the shaft is returned clockwise to its original position, the latter movement being called the return stroke of operation. The two movements constitute what is generally known as the cycle of operation of the machine.

During the forward stroke of an amountentering cycle a series of actuator racks 8 are released for upward movement under the influence of springs (not shown) .until they are arrested in difierential positions by engagement of the stop bars 9, pivotally connected to the racks, with the stems of the depressed amount keys. Each actuator rack carries a type bar ill which is differentially positioned with its actuator rack. After the type bars are positioned a printing mechanism of-which the hammers II are shown in Fig. 1, is operated to print the item, such as the amount entered or the total thereof, on a sheet of paper carried by the platen P which is supported by the traveling paper carriage C mounted upon a fixed guide rail 85 and constantly urged to the right by the coil spring I6 as will be explained later in greater detail. In other words, the carriage is spring urged to the left and is adapted to be manually returned to the right. Thecarriage is caused to tabulate from column to column and is controlled in its tabulating movements by a tabulating mechanism which will be described later.

One or more registering mechanisms may be provided for cooperation with the actuator racks, although only one registering mechanism or totalizer is shown in the illustrated embodiment of this invention. The engagement and disengagement of the register pinions is controlled by a pitman which normally occupies the position shown in Fig. 2 in which position the register pinions are not engaged with the actuator racks. The pitman is moved rearwardly by means of a drive plate 2i rocked by the drive shaft 6, the drive plate having two studs 22 and 23 for this purpose.

During the forward stroke in adding operations the drive plate 2! rocks counterclockwise but the studs 22 and 28 do not engage any part of the pitman 20. However, the stud 23 passes a pawl 24 pivoted on the upper branch of the pitman and near the beginning of the return stroke stud23 engages a shoulder on pawl 2t and moves the pitman 2B rearwardly which rocks the register pinions into engagement with the actuator racks. Near the end of the return stroke the stud 22 engages the hooked end 25 of the lower branch of pitman 20 and returns the pitman forwardly to rock the register pinions out of engagement with the actuator racks.

When the total key T or subtotal key ST is depressed a link 26 is moved downwardly which swings a pawl 21 pivoted on the lower branch of the pitman 26 into the path of the stud 22. The depression of the total key T also depresses the forward hooked end of a pawl 28 pivoted on the upper branch of the pitman 28 and the depression of pawl 28 swings the pawl 25 out of the path of the stud 23. Accordingly when the drive plate 2! rocks counterclockwise during the forward stroke of the machine, the stud 22 engages the end of pawl 21 and the pitman 28 is moved rearwardly to move the register pinions into engagement with the actuator racks prior to their ascent. During their ascent the racks rotate the register pinions back to "0" position to take the total from the register pinions, in which position the pinons are arrested by the trip pawls as described in the Butler Patent No. 2,118,588. Near the end of the forward stroke of the machine if the total key T has been depressed, the stud 23 engages the hooked end of the pawl 28 and pulls the pitman forward again to rock the register pinions out of engagement with the Depression of the subtotal key causes the same results as explained above except that said key does not move the hooked end of the pawl 28 into the path of the stud 23 so that the pitman is not moved forward again at the end of the forward stroke. The result is that the register pinions remain in engagement with the actuator racks during their descent and the total is put back into the register pinions. Near the end of the return stroke the stud 22 engages the hooked end 25 of the lower branch of the pitman 20 and rocks the register pinions out of engagement with the actuator racks.

Depression of the non-add key NA causes its stem to engage and rock a lever 29 clockwise to shoulder will not be engaged by stud 23 and the register pinions will not be moved into engagement with the racks 8 and no entry will be made in the register pinions. In other words, the

' machine is indexed for a non-add operation by depression of the NA key and the actual movement of the part is completed by power operated mechanisms. The machine may also beplaced in non-add condition under control of the carriage as will be explained later.

Add-subtract registering mechanism The registering mechanism that has been found preferable and which is illustrated in the present embodiment of the invention is of the tumbling register type, as illustrated in the Butler patents heretofore mentioned, and comprises two sets of interconnected register. pinions. The lower set as is called the addition pinions and the upper set M is called the subtraction pinions, although in fact the two sets of pinions operate together to perform addition and subtraction.

The addition pinions so are rotatably mounted upon a shaft 3i and the subtraction pinions 4e are rotatably mounted upon a shaft ii. The two shafts are carried by a U-shaped tumbling frame 32 (Fig. 9) to which are fixed right and left stub shafts 33' journaled in a rockable register frame comprising two arms 35' fixed to a shaft pivoted in the machine side frames (Fig. 9) v The register.

gage and disengage the pinions with the actuator racks 8 by means of the pitman 20. As can be seen from Fig. 2, the pitman 20 is connected to a crank It fixed to a shaft 31. Also fixed to this shaft is a cam 38 having a cam slot engaging a roller 39 on one of the stub shafts 33. When the pitman 20 is moved rearwardly from the position of Fig. 2, the cam 38 cams the roller 38 forward and rocks the register frame counterclockwise to cause the register pinions that are inoperative position to engage the actuator racks. when pitman 20 is pulled forwardly again the cam 38 together with a spring 39 (Fig. 2) turns the register frame clockwise to disengage the register pinions from the actuator racks.

For addition the tumbling register mechanism occupies a position with the addition register pinions 30 so positioned that they are engaged with the racks prior to their descent. In this condition the addition pinions 30 in banks where keys which have been depressed are rotated counterclockwise as the racks descend to thereby register additively.

For subtraction the tumbling register frame is tumbled and with the mechanism in this position the subtract pinions 40 are engaged with the racks prior to their descent and thedescent of the racks will rotate the subtraction pinions 40 counterclockwise in those banks where keys have been depressed.

counterclockwise rotation of the subtract pinions will rotate the addition pinions 30 clockwise, i. e., in a reverse direction from addition. Accordingly subtraction and addition are thus performed by rotating the pinions 30 in opposite directions.

Both positive and true negative totals may be taken from the registering mechanism without the necessity of giving the machine a spacing stroke and provision is also made for locking the register pinions against accidental turning while they are being tumbled, all as described in the Butler Patent 2,118,588 to which reference is made for further disclosure of the foregoing mechanisms.

Transfer mechanism ,that are in activeposition. This mechanism is also illustrated and disclosed in the Butler Patent 2,118,588 to which reference is made for a detailed description of the transfer mechanism.

Positive total taking Positive totals are taken in the manner substantially the same as in the Horton and Butler patents heretofore referred to. Depression of the total key T moves link 28, Fig. 2. downward which moves pawl 21 on pitman 20 into the path of the stud 22 so that the pitman 20 moves rearwardly at the beginning of the forward stroke and thereby rocks the registers into engagement with the actuator racks at the beginningof the forward stroke. If the registering mechanism is in add position, and contains a positive total, the registering mechanism moves into engagement in the into engagement with the actuator racks.

regular manner, that is, the add pinions 30 come If, however, the registering mechanism is in subtract condition because of a previous depression of the -M motor bar, but contains a positive total, the registering mechanism is automatically tumbled to add condition as disclosed in said Butler patents so that the add pinions 30 comeinto engagement with the actuator racks. Then as the machine starts to operate the actuator racks rise and the add pinions are rotated in a direction reverseto that in .which they have been rotated in the entry of positive items in the register pinions until they are arrested in their 0 positions by the wide faced teeth of the register pinions engaging the trip pawls, as described in moredetail in the Butler Patent No. 2.118.588.

Negative total taking True negative totals are taken in much the same way as positive totals, that is, by depression of the same total key T and by giving the machine a single/stroke of operation, but negative totals are taken with the subtraction pinions M in engagement with the actuator racks as distinguished from the addition pinions 30.

Assume that a negative total has been created by subtracting a larger number from a smaller one. The machine has been placed in subtraction condition by depression of the M motor bar to perform the subtraction operation and it normally remains in this condition at th end of the operation. Assume that the negative total is to be taken with the parts in this condition. The registering mechanism has been tumbled so that the subtraction pinions 40 are in position to engage the actuator racks. It will of course be assumed that the "fugitive 1 has been inserted so that no error of a unit occurs.

Depression of the total key T moves the lever (Fig. 2) so as to position the end of the pawl Si in the path of the pin 52 on the crank 53 so that asthe machine is operated and the register moves into engagement with the actuator racks the bail 54 (Fig. 9) is rocked to block all the trip pawls 43 against movement and cause them to act as stops to arrest the register pinions in 0" position. The register pinions move into engagement with the actuator racks and as the racks descend they rotate the subtraction pinions clockwise. The result is that the actuator racks in those orders which ar movable will move and set the type bars in corresponding position and the correct negative total will be printed.

If it should happen that after a negative condition occurs another item is added in the re ister pinions which item is, however, too small to change the negative total to a positive total the machine might be in addition condition at the end of operations but a negative total would sti l remain in the registering mechanism. Of course it is necessary in order to take a negative total that the registering mechanism be in subtraction condition and accordingly the registers must be tumbled before a negative total can be taken.

This tumbling of the register mechanism occurs automatically as is describedin the Butler Patent 2,118,588.

"Fugitive 1 As previously mentioned it was assumed that a'fugitive 1 had been entered in the register pinions when a negative total occurred. The "fugitive l mechanism employed is similar to that disclosed in the Butler Patent 2,118,588 to which reference. is made for a disclosure of this mechanism. It will be sufficient to state here that the fugitive 1 is automatically inserted only when the register is changed from positive to negative condition and vice versa. It is not inserted every time the machine changes from addition to subtraction or vice versa; it is not inserted every time the pinion of highest order passes through and it is not inserted when the capacity of the register is exceeded in either a positive or a negative direction. It is, however, automatically inserted at the proper time, namely, when the total changes from positive to negative and vice versa.

Carriage tabulation As previously stated the present machine is provided with a traveling paper carriage C which is automatically moved in one direction, is controlled in such movement by operation of the machine, and is returned manually to the right. The carriage is moved in tabulating direction from column to column from right to left during each operation of the machine by the coiled tension spring l6 (Fig. 1.) one end of which is attached to a stud 60 projecting from the right end of the frame from which the spring extends to the left side of the stationary machine frame where it passes around a roller 8| after which the spring returns to the right where it is fastened to a stud 62 projecting from the carriage. This provides a constant and uniform tension or urge on the carriage tending to move the latter to the left.

The carriage is controlled in tabulating movement to the left so as to tabulate one column at each machine operation through the medium of a stop bar 65 (Figs. 1 and 4) supported at the rear of the carriage which bar is notched preferably at each letter space position to adjustably receive a plurality of stops 66 adapted to engage a. fixed stop 61 (Figs. 4 and 11) to arrest the carriage in different columnar positions. The fixed stop 61 is slldably supported by studs 88 upona blade 69 pivoted on a shaft 70 supported from the carriage frame. The fixed stop may thus slide horizontally upon its studs 88 and may rock into and out of engagement with the adjustable stops due to the pivotal movement of the supporting blade. The fixed stop 61 is normally urged to the left looking at the rear of the ma-' chine by a lever I2 (Fig. 4) which engages an upturned lug 13 (Figs. 4 and 11) on the stop 61, the-lever being pivoted at 74 and urged counterclockwise looking at it from the rear by a spring 15. The upper end of lever 12 is connected by a link 16 to a dash pot ll to cushion the fixed stop, and thus ease the blow when the adjustable stop 66 engages the fixed stop 61.

The supporting blade 89 is normally urged counterclockwise (Fig. 11) by a spring 18 which engages one arm of a crank is pivoted at 80,

. the other arm of which has a stud and fork connection 8| with an arm 82 of the supporting late. The plate is rocked against the tension of spring 18 so as to disengage the fixed and adjustable stops at each machine operation by a pawl 85 pivoted on a stud 85 projecting from the rear end of a slide t8 (Figs. 13 and 11) and 050, yoke being yoke 279-280 of the latter patent, for controlling paper feed and the printing latches. As described in these earlier patents this, yoke is first moved clockwise and then returned counterclockwise on its pivot 9| at each machine operation. The pawl 85 is adapted to engage a lug 92 depending from the blade 69 and is so shaped that during the forward machine stroke during which stroke the slide 86 is moved rearward, a notched shoulder 93 (Fig. 11) passes under the depending lug 92 and has no effect on the blade and fixed stop 61.. During the return stroke of the machine slide 88 moves forwardly, to the left in Fig. 11, and shoulder 93 engages and rocks blade 69 and the fixed stop 6! clockwise (Fig. 11) to disengage or release the fixed stop fromthe adjustable stop 68 thus releasing the carriage and permitting it to tabulate into the next columnar position. The rear end of pawl 88 is so shaped that after the blade and fixed stop have been rocked out of engagement with the adjustable stop the pawl is cammed clockwise by a stud 95 carried by a rearwardly projecting arm 96 of the normalizing lever which will be described. later. s the pawl is cammed clockwise it releases the blade and permits it to be returned counterclockwise by its spring l8 so as to be in position to stop the carriage in the next columnar position by engaging the next adjustable stop 66.

The blade 69 and fixed stop 61 and accordingly carriage tabulation may be controlled manually by means of a lever 91 fixed to a bail 99v that extends the full width of the carriage and is journaled in the side frames of the carriage. This ball has a depending blade Hill in position to engage a stud [0| carried by the forward arm of the crank 19 so that, regardless of the position of the carriage, hand lever 91 may be rocked and will in turn cause the depending blade I00 to engage the stud l Ill and rock the blade 68 and fixed stop out of engagement with the adjustable stops.

Platen line spacing The platen may be line spaced manually by turning the usual twlrlers as is customary and it is also arranged to be automatically line spaced in a predetermined columnar position or positions. For this purpose the platen is provided with the usual ratchet wheel H0 (Figs. land 1) together with a spring urged detentlll and spacing pawl H2 the latter being carried by a shaft H3 that extends across the entire width of the carriage and is supported at each end by levers H4 fixed to a shaft-H5 pivoted in the carriage side plates. Line spacing is accomplished by rocking shaft H3 which carries the spacing pawl and this is accomplished in the usual manner by a lever H6 which has a forked end engaging the shaft I I3 at approximately the center of the machine. Lever I I5 extends downwardly through the top plate of the machine (Fig. 13) and is attached to the yoke 90. Accordingly each time the machine is operated and the yoke as is rocked the spacing pawl H2 is moved rearward during the forward machine stroke and returned forward to space the platen during the return machine stroke. This line spacing is accomplished in a manner similar to that disclosed in the Horton Patent 1,853,050. the present lever H6 being arm 33! of the Horton patent.

The extent or degree of line spacing is controlled (Fig. lb) by a shield I20 formed integrally with. a lever l2! pivoted at I22 to the carriage frame. The upper end of lever In is connected by a link I23 to an arm I24 fixed to a shaft I25 which shaft extends the full width of the carriage as shown in Fig. 4. Link I23 is urged to the right (Fig. 1b) and consequently arm I24 and shaft I25 are urged counterclockwise and lever I2I clockwise by a spring I26. The shaft I25 carries a depending blade I21 which is adapted to engage a roller stud I 28 (Figs. 1b and 4) carried byyan arm I29 which extends downward (Fig. 4) and terminates in a yoke I30 pivoted at I3I.

The traveling paper carriage carries a roller I32 (Figs. 1b and 4) which is positioned to the rear of arm I29 and is adapted to engage and rock the arm I29 forward when passing the arm which, in turn, rocks the control member I20 counterclockwise. The arrangement is such that during ordinary operations of the machine, while the carriage is tabulating from column to column, spring I26 (Figsfl and 1b) urges lever I2I clockwise so that the shield I20 will prevent the spacing pawl II2 from engaging the ratchet IIII, thus preventing a line spacing movement of the platen.

may use the machine the operators must use the machine properly and cannot make wrong entries j carriage controlled interlocks are provided where- When the carriage arrives in the last columnar position in the illustrated machine, the control roll I32 operates the arm I29 which, in turn, rocks the blade I21 and moves the shield counterclockwise away from the pawl H2 and allows the line spacing pawl to engage the ratchet and line Carriage control of. non-add For automatically conditioning the registering mechanism for a non-add operation with the carriage in column 2 position, the carriage carries a roll I33 (Fig. 7) which, when the carriage is in column 2, engages and rocks a yoke I33, thus raising a link I34 which is guided on a stud 206 and in turn rocks counterclockwise a lever I35 (Figs. 1, 2 and 7) pivoted at 203. The lever I35, through a spring I36, rocks counterclockwise a three-armed lever I31 (Fig. 2) also pivoted at 203. The forward arm I39 of the latter lever engages the stud 29 of lever 29 and rocks the latter clockwise the same as if the non-add key NA- were depressed, thus conditioning the register mechanism for a non-add operation. Lever I35 also controls the cipher split mechanism in a manner well understood in this art and not described herein.

Carriage control of motor bar selection As previously stated, the machine of this invention is so constructed that proper manipulation of the various control keys and motor bars is enforced to insure proper operation of the ma-- chine even though operated by inexperienced operators. In other words, it is practically im- The machine is so con-- by the motor bars and control keys must be depressed in proper order or sequence in accordance with the columnar position of the carriage.

Considering first control of the motor bars it will be necessary to describe their construction and functions and then describe the control:

thereof. In the illustrated embodiment the add motor bar +M is fixed to a sliding stem I40 (Fig. 8) mounted for substantially vertical movement on stud and slot connections I. The stem I40 is formed with a forwardly and laterally projecting lug I42 in position to engage the forwardly projecting finger I43 of the clutch control member I44 mounted for substantially vertical movement on stud and slot connection I45 and on the clutch control shaft I46, the member being forked at its lower end to straddle the clutch control shaft. The clutch member is urged upward by spring I41. This clutch control shaft I46 is the usual clutch control shaft such as the shafts shown at 7 and at 239 in the Butler Patents Nos. 1,992,142 and 2,118,588 respectively and at 56 in the Horton Patent No. 2,004,282 which shaft when rocked clockwise by depression of the motor bar releases the drive clutch and starts the motor to operate the machine a disclosed in said patents. In the illustrated machine, however, the motor bar and member I44 instead of directly rocking the shaft I49 merely releases the shaft for rotation. A

rearwardly extending arm I48 of member I44 v (Figs. 1 and 8) carries a stud I49 which when ous devices so that the operator is only permitted to select and depress the proper control keys and motor bars consistent with the form or program for which the machine is intended. Accordingly,

even though different and inexperienced operators depressed engages the lower arm of a threearmed latch I50 pivoted at II, and rocks a latch member counterclockwise against the action of its spring I52v This removes its upper notched end from a square stud I53 on the upper end of an arm I54 fixed to the clutch control shaft I46 and releases the arm I54 and clutch shaft I46 for rotation clockwise (Fig. 1) by its spring I55 to cause an operation of the machine. The foregoing construction eliminates any load upon the motor bar due to the fact that depression of the motor bar does not have to rock the clutch control shaft but merely releases a latch whereby the shaft may be rocked by a spring.

The motor bar is latched in depressed position for the full cycle of operation by pivoted latch I60 (Fig. 1) urged counterclockwise by its spring I60 and notched atits lower-end to engage a square stud I6I projecting from the stem I40 and having its upper end. formed with a laterally projecting lug I62 positioned to engage a release slide I63. Slide I63, extends rearwardly where it is connected by a stud I64 to another slide I65 (Fig. 1) which is the usual locking slide for controlling the result keys, which slide extends forwardly and at its forward end terminates in a hook I66 (Fig. i) which engages the upper end of a lever I61. Lever I61 is pivoted on a cross rod I69 supported in lugs (not shown) depending from members of the keyboard assembly and has a lower forked end I69 which engages a control rod I10 carried by two arms I10 supported from cross rod I68. Arms I10 and control rod I10 are urged rearwardly by a spring I10 A lower slide I1I, urged rearwardly by a spring (not shown), is supported with its forward end in position to engage a roller I12 on rod I I8 and its rear end I18 in position to engage the stud 22 (Fig. 1). In each cycle of operation of the machine the slide "I is moved rearwardly by its spring and then returned forwardly by the roller stud 22 to rock lever I81 and move slide I88 rearwardly to release all de- Horton Patent 2,884,282. In order to preventi continued operation if the motor bar is held depressed after one machine operation has been completed an auxiliary latch I18 (Fig. 1) is pivoted at I8I and has an upper notched end which under certain conditions falls into position to engage the stud I83 on the arm I84 fixed to shaft I48. This latch has 'a forwardly extending arm I'll formed with 9. lug I18 on its forward end in" position to engage the control member I44 so that when the latter is in normal or raised position it holds the auxiliary latch I18 in clockwise or inactive position. However, when the motor bar is depresed member I44 is lowered andv the auxiliary latch I18 'is allowed to rock counterclockwise so that it is in position to engage its shoulder under the stud I83 the 85' moment the stud and arm I84 are returned which, as previously stated, occurs at each machine operation. The auxiliary latch therefore holds the arm I84 and shaft I48 in counter- J clockwise or normal position until the motor bar and the control member I44 are released and raised by their springs and the control member I44 first permits the latch I88 to position its shoulder under the stud I83 and then moves the auxiliary latch I18 to disengage its shoulder from the stud I88.

Depression of the add motor bar +M accordingly releases the clutch shaft and permits an,

adding operation of the machine which is a normal operation as explained in more detail in the heretofore mentioned Butler patents.

In addition to the add motor bar +M, the illustrated machine is also provided with a subtract motor bar M (Fig. 8) fixed to the upper end of a stem I8I mounted for substantially verticalmovements by stud and slot connections I82, the bar being urged upward by spring E88. The subtract bar stem. I8I has a rearwardly projecting lug I84 overlying a forwardly projecting lug I85 formed on a vertical irregularly so shaped slide I88 which 1113' in turn overlies a laterally projecting lug I88 formed on the clutch control member I44. Accordingly when the subtract motor bar M is depressed its lug I88 engages lug I88 which, in turn, engages lug I88 and lowers the clutch control member thus initiating a machine operation.

The slide I88 has a rearwardly projecting hooked arm I88 which engages a stud I98 carried by one arm of a lever II, the latter controlling the subtract mechanism of the machine. Thus when the subtract motor bar is depressed it automatically initiates a machine cycle and conditions the machine for a subtract operation,

' that is, to cause a tumbling of theadd subtract :5

. registering mechanism from add to subtract position. v

The subtract motor bar is latched in depressed position by a latch I82 (Fig. 1) similar to latch I88 and engaging a stud I83 on the subtract motor bar stem. The subtract motor bar latch is released by the same slide I83 that releases the add motor bar.

The arm I8I is part of a yokemember 488 (Fig. 1) having a downwardly extending arm 48I, connected to the rear end of a link 482, the forward end of which is connected to a lever 488 pivoted on a stud 484 carried by the machine frame. A spring 488 -connected at one end to the lever 883 urges the latter counterclockwise, the link 482 'forwardly and the yoke 488 clockwise to the adding position shown in Fig. 2. The yoke 488 carries astud 488 which engagesdn a slot in one arm of a yoke 481 which corresponds to-the yoke 51 of the Butler Patent 2,118,588 and controls the addition and subtraction condition of the registering mechanism in the same way as disclosed in said patent. However, in the present machine, the yokes 488 and 481 do not remain in subtract position after a subtraction operation of the machine but are returned to the adding position of Fig. 2 when the slide I88 restoreswo its normal position shown in Figs. 1 and 8 so that if the machine is next operated by depression of the add motor bar which has no operative connection with the slide I88, the registering mechanism will, nevertheless, be tumbled to adding condition.

As previously stated the machine of this invention isintended to be used for cross tabulation posting in which each columnar position may represent a difierent type of machine operation in the program of operation and one of the objects of themachine is to provide a carriage control of motor bar selection which, although it does not select the motor bar or mechanism to be operated by depression of the motor bar, does, however, cause the proper motor bar and mechanism to be released or operable and therefore forces the operator to select the proper motor bar-for depression in each of the columns. If the operator attempts to depress the wrong motor bar, that is, one that will conflict with the definite program provided for, he will find this motor bar locked against de pression and will therefore have a warning that he is not properly operating the machine.

- The means for selectively locking the two motor bars comprises a two-armed pendant lever I88 pivoted at I 88 (Figs. 1 and 7), the two ends terminating in lugs I81 and I98, the former being adapted to engage in a notch in the forward edge of the'add motor bar stem I88 and the latter being-adapted to engage in either a rear notch in the add motor barslide or in either of two notches in the forward edge of subtract motor bar slide I8I depending upon'the position of the lever I85. The arrangement of lugs and notches is such that the lever may be positioned to engage and lock neither or either motor bar stem or both motor bar stems. The pendant lever is pivotally connected to the forward end of the link 288 the rear end of which carries a stud 28I engaging in a slot in the low- ,er vertical arm of a crank 282 pivoted at 283 to the machine frame. A spring 8M yieldingly holds the stud 28l in the rear end of the slot in the arm 282. The other and horizontal arm of crank 282 extends rearwardly and terminates in a stud and slot connection 284 with a forwardly asmoee for sliding movement upon the stud 200, the

upper end of which link is connected to one arm of a yoke 20'! pivoted at 200', the other arm of,

which yoke extends upwardly in position to engage a control roll 20,0 carried by the traveling paper carriage. In normal position, that is, with no roll on the carriage acting on yoke 201, the lug I is positioned under the rear notch on the'add motor bar slide thereby blocking the add motor bar against depression but leaving the subtract motor her free for depression. When the upward extending arm of yoke 2001s engaged by a small size control roll 200 the yoke will be rocked clockwise, looking at the machine from the rear, a sumclent distance to move the pendant lever I85 "counterclockwise sufficiently to clear all notches on both motor bar stems.

Inother words, in this position, i. e., with a small roll 200 active," both the add and subtract motor bars are free for depression, as shown in Fig. l. This is the condition of the machine in column I when the illustrated ledger form is used, where either a positive or negative old balance may be picked up and entered in the machine.

When the upper arm of yoke is engaged by a medium size control roll 209, the lever I88 is moved a sufficient distance that lug I98 moves under the outer of the two forward notches in the subtract motor bar stem to block its depression, but the lever is not moved sufllciently to bring its forward lug I91 under the notch in the add motor bar slide. Accordingly in this position, that is, with the medium size control roll operative, the subtract bar is locked against depression but the add motorbar is free for depression.

When the yoke 201 is engaged by a large size control roll 208, lever I05 is rocked its full distance counterclockwise and both lugs I01 and I08 engage in their respective notches in the add and subtract motor bar stems, thus locking both motor bars against depression.

The arrangement and control of the motor bars may be summarized as follows:

From the foregoing it will be apparent that by utilizing various rolls 209 any desired control of motor bar depression can be obtained and that different bookkeeping forms can be accommodated by selecting different carriage rolls.

Carriage control of result keys As previously stated, the machine is equipped with the usual function, result or operation control keys such as subtotal key, total key, non-add key, error key and repeat key, as well as a credit balance or overdraft key. The above keys, except the error and repeat keys, are what may be termed power keys because, under certain conditions, depressions of these keys causes a machine operation without the necessity of depressing either motor bar. It should also be noted that the motor bars and control or result keys are wholly independent of each other, i. e., depression of a control key may cause a machine operation but it does not depress either motor bar in so doing. This makes it possible to control certain machine functions from the motor bars, depression of which is enforced in certain columns, without having those machine functions operative upon depression of a control key.

The total and subtotal keys T and ST extendthrough the keyboard plates and engage lugs 220 (Fig. 7) formed on the upper side of the lever 22I pivoted at 222 and urged upwardly or clockwise by a spring 222. Lever 22I carries a slide 224 at its forward end mounted upon studs 225 for rearward and forward movements relatively to the lever, the slide being urged to the rear by a spring 220. The forward end of the slide is formed with a downward projection 221 which, when the slide is in its rearward position, overlies a stud 220 carried by the vertical clutch control member I44 so that upon downward movement ofthe lever 22I and its slide 224, caused by depression of a total or subtotal key, the lower projection 22'! of slide 224 will engage the stud 220, if the slide is in rearward position, and lower the clutch control member I44 so as to cause a machine operation. The slide is adapted to be moved forwardly to cause the projection 221 to be ineffective under certain conditions as will be explained hereinafter. pression of the total and subtotal keys under certain circumstances not only conditions the registering mechanism for a subtotal or total operation, as is customary, but also causes the machine to go through a cycle of operation.

The credit balance or overdraft key Cr is locked against depression by a slide as will be explained in greater detail later whenever a positive amount is contained in the registering mechanism and is free for depression whenever a negative amount is present in the registering mechanism. When depressed its lower and engages a lug 230 (Fig.8) on the vertical slide I86 which in turndepresses lever I9I to condition the register for engagement of the subtract pinions with the actuator racks and causes a lowering of the clutch control member to start a cycle of machine operation. Accordingly, when the credit balance key is depressed it not only conditions the machine for subtraction but it also initiates a cycle of machine operation.

The lower end of the non-add key engages a lug 232 (Fig. 8) on the clutch control member I44 and thus causes a cycle of machine operation as well as conditioning the machine for a non-add operation as is usual with this key.

The error and repeat keys function in the usual manner and do not cause a cycle of machine operation.

The three control keys T, S. T. and N. A. are under control of a single carriage controlled slide 235 (Fig. 7). which extends beneath the three keys and has a series of spaced projections or lugs 230 selectively movable beneath the N. A., T and S. T. keys, so as to block depression of all of these keys when the slide is in its forward position. Adjacent its rearward end, slide 235 has a stud 240 (Fig. '7) engaging in a slot in the lower arm 2 of a crank pivoted at 222. A spring 239 is so connected at its ends to the slide 235 and to the arm 24I as to urge the stud 240 to the rearward end of the slot in the arm I. The rear arm 242 of the crank is connected by a link 244 to a lever 24! pivoted at 203 and urged clockwise by a spring 240, the lever 245 having a stud and slot connection with a vertical sliding link 248 guided upon stud 206 for vertical movement and extending upward to a yoke 250 having an arm 25I positioned to engage control Therefore, de-

rolls 252 on the carriage. The arrangement is such that with no roll in position the parts will assume a position withthe slide 288 in a forward positionwhere the lugs 286 thereon underlie all three control keys '1, S. T.and N. A. and prevent depression of these keys." A small size roll will cause a slight rearward movement of slide 235 a suflicient distance to move one lug 288 from beneath the subtotal key to permit depression of the latter while leaving lugs 23B beneath the N. A. and '1 keys. slide 235 still further to the rear moving another lug'238 into position beneath the S. T. ke'y, moving a lug out from beneath the total key and leaving a lug 236 under the N. A. key and placing another lug 286 under the subtotal key as shown in Fig. 7, thereby permitting depression of the total key only. A large size control roll will cause still further movement of the slide 235 and remove the lug 238 from beneath the non-add key, move a lug 238 into position under the total key and leaving a lug under the sub-total key, thereby permitting depression of the non-add key only.

Summarizing the effect of different size rolls upon the result or control keys, the reflects may' be listed as follows: v

No roll-locks total, subtotal and non-add keys.

Small roll-frees subtotal key only. a Medium size roll-frees total key only. Large size roll-frees non-add key only.

The credit balance key Cr is controlled separately by the total key as will be explained in greater detail hereafter.

From the foregoing it will be clear that any desired control of the function or control keys may be obtained for any, desired program of operations to conform to any desired columnar ruling of bookkeeping sheets by merely selecting and using the'proper carriage rolls in the various columnar positions of the carriage.

Total taking At the beginning of the previous section it was mentioned that the control keys, when depressed, do not cause depression of either motor bar and it was previously mentioned that the adding motor bar has no operative connection with the means controlling the add-subtract con.-

ditioning of the registering mechanism, but it.

' its normal adding condition, and the present machine is provided with means which will be described in the following section, which brings about the placing of the registering mechanism in subtraction condition for taking a total or subtotal when the registering mechanism contains a negative total.

Negative total indication The present'machine has a fugitive 1" mechanism [similar to that shown and described in the Butler Patent 2,118,588. In the present invention this fugitive 1 mechanism is also used for other A medium size roll will move trated in the Butler patent not to lock the machine when a negative total is present in the registering mechanism as shown in the aforesaid patent, but to warn the operator or give an indication to him that a negative total is present in the registering mechanism.

As disclosed in the above patent. a stud 288 (Fig. 9) (stud 163 of Butler 2,118,688) is lowered whenever the registering mechanism contains a negative total. As in the Butler patent a forked arm 28l or a yoke pivoted eta-282 engages this stud and is rocked clockwise whenever the total in the register becomes negative. This yoke has a forwardly extending arm 263 which is yieldingly connected-by a spring :284 to the rear arm 28! (Figs. 2 and 7) of another yoke pivoted at 288 which yoke has an upstanding arm 281 which engages a horizontal slide 288 having a forward forked end 288 which engages an upwardly pro iecting finger 210 of the slide 224. Theforegoing mechanism serves to move the slide 224 forwardly whenever the registering mechanism contains a negative total as described in the Butler patent but with a diflerent result. As previously stated when slide 224 is moved forwardly its lower projection 221 does not engage the stud 228 on the clutch control member and accordingly depression of either the total key or subtotal key will not inaugurate a machine operaticn. The operator, therefore, observing that the machine does not start to cycle when he depresses the total key or sub-total key is immediately aware of the fact that there is a nega- ,tive total in the registering mechanism. 35

In order to operate the machine to cause the true negative total to be taken from the registering mechanism it is only necessary for the operator to depress "the credit balance or overdraft key while the total key or sub-total key remains latched down by the usual latch slide I65 in the control key bank. That is, it is not necessary for the operator to take spacing strokes but merely to depress a second key.

Depression of the credit balance key, is northe slide is moved forward, permits depression of the credit balance key.

As previously stated, when the registering mechanism contains a negative total the slide purposesin a manner very similar to that illus as 224 carried by lever 22i is moved forwardly so that its lower projection clears the stud 228. Forward movement of this slide, however, moves its rear downward projection 218 directly over a stud 219 carried by one arm of a bail 280 having an upwardly extending arm 28L When the total key or sub-total key is depressed while the pro- Jection 218 is over the stud 219 because of the presence of a negative total in the register, the bail 280 is rocked counterclockwise and the arm 28L in moving to the left, engages the rear end of slide 216 and moves the latter forwardly placing its notch 216 opposite the stem of the credit balance key and permitting the latter to be depressed. The credit balance key, as previously described, lowers the clutch control members and inaugurates a cycle of machine operation. In

t other words. the operator has a definite indication that there is a negative total in the registo operate.

asmcssdepress a second key, the Cr key, and as pre-- viously stated'upbn depression, the credit baiance key conditions theregistering mechanism whichever was depressed prior to the depression of the credit balance key. remains latched down for the cycle of operation caused by the depression of the credit balance key and conditions the machine for total taking or sub-total taking. as the case may be, during such cycle of operation.

Proof mechanism In most types of bookkeeping or ledger posting work it is desirable to provide some sort of proof mechanism to insure that the work has been properly entered. It will be understood that preferably a split platen is usedas is common in this type of machine so that a ledger sheet can be removed and a new one inserted for each transaction while the proof strip can be retained in the machine and line spaced for each transaction. Before describing the details of the proof mechanism as embodied in the present invention, reference will be made to the-sample form of ledger sheet and proof strip as shown in Fig. 12. In the form of ledger sheet illustrated, the entries are started with the carriage in its right or column I position where the previous balance or old balance of $10.00, which is usually the last amount printed in the last column or column 5 of the previous transaction, is picked up and re-entered (column I of the next transaction).

In column I the add and subtract motor bars should be free for depression because, in this column, the pick up might be either a positive or a negative amount or old balance depending upon the previous balance. Therefore, a small size control roll 208 is active in column I for positioning the motor bar locking slide 235 so that either bar may be depressed. Because this column is used for the entry of a pick up of the old balance (new balance of the previous entries), no result keys should be used. Therefore, in this column no control roll for the result keys is used and, accordingly, all result keys are locked against depression. In other words, the proper entry of either positive or negative balance only is permitted or enforced. After the amount of the old balance is entered on the keyboard the machine is caused to operate in column I by depression of the appropriate bar. The carriage then automatically tabulates into column 2,

In column 2 the ledger form specifies an entry of the .date and folio reference, and this entry requires that a non-add operation only should be permitted. Instead of permitting or enforcing operation of the machine only by depression of the non-add key a roll I I is placed on the carriage to function as previously described to condition the register for a non-add operation of the machine in this column, and a medium size roll 209 is placed on the carriage to unlock the add motor bar in this column, but no result key control roll 252 is active in this column and all of the result keys are therefore locked. This is done because of ease of operation and to permit greater speed of operation of the machine, it being much easier to depress the add motor bar than the non-add key. After the non-add entry is made in column 2 the carriage ,tabulates into column 3. I

In column 3, a debit column, an addition operntion is required and is enforced by a roll 20! docked. Because it is so constructed as in column 2 but there is no carriage roll I 'll' for causing a non-add operation and the machine is permitted to add in a normal operation. ,The

result keys are all locked because there is no roll 202 for this column, In. this column, the operator depresses the amount keys and the +14 320cc. Following the addition entry in column 3 the carriage tabulates to column I, a creditcolumn. e:-

Usually debits, and credits are not entered in the same"run" and this column would be skipped by any suitable skip tabulating mechanism designed for this type of \work but not here shown. If desired the skip tabulating mechanism can be omitted or disabled and the machine operated in this column during every "run" or caused to pass through the column by taking an operation without depressing any keys. f

Column 4 requires that a subtract operation only be permitted. In this column there is no control roll 252 so that the result keys-remain. desired to lock the add motor bar but not the subtract motor ber, no control roll 200 is used for the motor car locking slide. Accordihaly. only thesubtract motor car is released for operation. After the subtract entry in column 5 the carriage tabulates to column I. In column a small'size control roll 252 is used for moving the result key slide to a position where the subtotal key is released and can be depressed by the operator to cause the machine to print the new balance of $20.00 as a subtotal, leaving it in the register. In this column a large roll 209 is used for locking both motor bars. This completes the entries on the ledger sheet-and the carriage then tabulates to column 8 or the first column on the proof strip or tally roll.

In this column the operator re-enters the old balance of $10.00 'by depressing the necessary amount keys and the motor bar M opposite in sign to that depressed in column I. In fact this is the only motor bar that is released for depression as will be explained. This, of course, is subtracted from the $20.00 in the register and leaves $10.00 remaining therein, and the carriage tabulates to column I.

In column 8 no control roll "2 is used and accordingly all result keys are locked.

For proof purposes, if the amount entered in column I is-an add item, the amount entered in column 0 on the proof strip should be a subtract item, whereas if the item entered in column I is a subtract item. then the amount entered in column 6 should be an add item; In other words, the entry in column I should be of the opposite sign of the entry in column I. This reversal of sign of the entry in column 6 as compared with the entry in column I is enforced by means to be described further below.

With the carriage in column 1 a total is taken by depressing the T key and the total remaining in the register is printed and the register cleared. This total should equal the amount of the transaction that has been entered.

Fig. 12 also illustrates other; entries which show possible continuations of the first line of ,entries and include a credit entry resultingin As previously stated, the present machine is that; the operator is prevented from making an erroneous entry in any columenforcing the reversal of the condition of the register in columns i and 8, that is, the machine automatically provides that if the amount entered in column I is an add item or was entered by depressing the add motor bar the amount en- .tered in column d on the proof strip can be We will consider first enforcing an addition operation in column 8 when the entry in column i has been a subtract entry, even though this may not be the usual situation.

Referring to Fig. 1 it will be observed that the nar position of the carriageand this means also course, cause an entry in this column of opposite sign to the negative entry assumed to have,

been madein column i, as was desired.

Of course, after an enforced positive entry in column 6 caused by rocking the skid 820 it is necessary to reset or return the skid clockwise.

The mechanism for accomplishing this will be de- I subtract motor bar has a rearward extension 300 which, when depressed, engages-a stud am upon the forward end of a'lever 802 pivoted at 222 and having a rearward and upwardly projecting finger 303 which engages a latter. lug 864 on a lever B pivoted on 208, which latter lever is urged counterclockwise (Figs. 4, 4 and 6), about its pivot by a spring .304? (Fig. l). Lug 3% of lever 305, when the ,lever is in its counterclockwise position, engages a finger 3% on one arm of a yoke 307 (Figs. 4 and 6) pivoted at 888 and urged clockwise by a spring 389, thus urging a stud 3H on a second arm m2 of the yoke till to the right and into engagement (Fig- 6) with a depending nose tit formed on a lever aid pivoted at 208, said latter lever having arearwardly projecting arm 8W adapted to engage a roller sit on the paper carriage. lfhe purpose of the to release the bail 301.

scribed after describing the operation of the above mechanisms when the entry in column i is a positive entry. g

If the original entry in column i is a positive entry caused by depression of the add motor bar instead of a negative entry as was previously assumed, the entry in column 8 on the proof sheet should, of course, be a negative entry and this is enforced through the foregoing mechanisms as follows:

With the same roll sis used in column i the crank or lever 3 It will be rocked clockwise and its nose 3i 3 will be raised as was described in connection with a negative entry in column I. How-i ever, due to the fact that the subtract motor bar is not depressed, when a positive entry is made as it was when a negative entry was made, lever 302 will not be rocked clockwise to raise lever 305 Therefore, as the carriage tabulates out of column 5 and the roll SIB on thecarriage leaves the arm Sid, lever 3N will immediately return counterclockwise to its original position. Therefore, skid 320 will not be rocked as the carriage tabulates into column 5 r and, accordingly, the motor bar locking slide foregoing mechanism is to set up for subsequent use, a control dependent upon the character of the entry made at the time the control is set up. Accordingly, when a roll did is used in column i and the crank or lever bi l is rocked clockwise about its pivot by this roller, the nose Sill is raised above stud 3i i. If the entry in this column is a negative one the lever 882 will be rocked and the lever Sta will be rocked clockwise or raised, thus permitting the bail 881 to move clockwise under the urge of its spring and place its stud Sll under the nose did of lever Sit.

This will retain the lever did in its clockwise position to which it was moved by roll bid. The latter lever will thus beheld in its raised position while the carriage tabulates through columns 2, 3 and E into column a where the raised portion 3M of lever sis engages a skid 82% carried by a yoke 32! rocking the latter clockwise about its pivot 822 from the Fig. 4 position to the Fig. 5 positionv against the action of spring 323 and lowering the roll 32! carred by the right end of the yoke. The above stud 322 and the shafts for the control rolls I33, 209 and 252 are carried by supports adjustably secured on the stop bar 65 on the carriage. Rocking of the yoke lowers the projection 325 thereof beneath a lug 325 on the upper arm of a latch crank 32? pivoted at 828 and spring urged counterclockwise by I a spring 829. The latch retains the roll in lowered position and as the carriage tabulates into column 8 roll 824 engages the motor bar control slide yoke 20! and moves the latter so as to lock the subtract motor bar and release the add motor bar, thus enforcing or permitting depression of the add motor bar only in column B. Depression of the add motor bar in column 6 will, of

dill

yoke will not be affected by roll 328. .There being no roll active on the motor bar slide yoke, the add motor bar is locked against depression and the subtract motor bar is free for depression. In

. due to anegative entry in column i, it must be returned to raised or normal position. This is accomplished as follows:

When the carriage tabulates into column d a pawl 335 (Fig. 5) engages the upper'end of an arm 88B of a two armed. lever 33? (Fig. 4) pivoted at 338 and urged counterclockwise by a spring 339 and moves the arm and lever slightly clockwise from the dot-dash line position to the full line position of Fig. 5. The second arm ass of lever 337! terminates in a hooked end which engages a lateral lug 3 H projecting from one arm 352 of a bail M8 pivoted at 354 and urged clockwise by the same spring 839. Ball 353 has a depending arm 345 connected by a link 36% to one arm of a crank 36'! pivoted at 3&8 and urged clockwise by a spring 349. The second arm of crank 34? is adapted to engage one arm of another crank 35! shown more clearly in Fig. 13 pivoted at 352 and having a forked arm engaging stud 85 projecting from the slide 88 which operates the tabulating mechanism and which it will be recalled is operated at each machine operation. The result is that, during each operation of the machine, crank Bill is rocked first clockwise from the Fig. 13 position and is then returned counterclockwiseto the Fig. 13 position. Accordingly, the crank 341 is thereby held in counterclockwise position (Fig. 4) when the the machine is at rest. During a machine opermoved clockwise by its spring 349 after which it I is returned the the Fig. 4' position by crank 042 formed on the upper end thereof engages the pawl I35 and rocks the latter counterclockwise causing its forwardly projecting arm 33 5' to engage the rearwardly projecting arm 32! of latch :21 and rock the latter clockwise. This removes the projection 320 from the nose 325 of the skid yoke and allows the latter to return counterclockwise, thus raising the roll 324 to normal position where it will not engage the motor bar control arm.

During the machine operation in column 8 when the crank 34! is allowed to move clockwise a connecting link 35! (Fig. 4) restores the yoke 30? in a counterclockwise direction and allows the lateral projection 004 and the lever 305 to drop counterclockwise where it again latches the ball 30?.

Briefly reviewing the mechanism for enforcing result key and motor bar depression and thereby controlling program of operations and starting with the carriage in column I, it will be observed that crank lever I is moved clockwise when the carriage is in column I from the Fig. 4 to the Fig. 6 position by the carriage roll tit. If the subtract motor bar is depressed in column i, lever 302 is rocked counterclockwise which in turn releases bail 801, which in turn, retains crank Sit in its clockwise position so that its raised cam portion ill will engage the skid 320 when the carriage arrives in column I, thus lowering the roll 024 which, when the carriage moves into column 8, will then cause the motor bar slide yoke 20! to be moved suiilciently to lock the subtract motor bar and unlock the add motor bar. On the other hand, if the add motor bar instead of the subtract motor bar was depressed in column i, crank 3 will be rocked clockwise by the carriage roll SIB as previously described, but lever 302 will not be rocked counterclockwise by the subtract motor'bar and, therefore, crank 3 will return counterclockwise as soon as the carriage tabulates out oi column "I, that is, as soon as the arm 3l5 of crank ill passes from under roll M6 and, accordingly, the skid 320 will not be rocked in column 5 and the roll 3 will not be lowered to ill) engage the motor bar slide yoke 20'! in column 8.

. in column i, so that the entry in column 8 will necessarily be of the sign opposite to that of the entry made in column I.

Normalizing means I One oi the aims of the present invention is to provide arelatively inexpensive machine that will have particular utility'in a relatively small business. which business would require a machine that could be used both as a straight adding and listing machine, and a bookkeeping or ledger posting machine. To accommodate the machine to this double use a normalizing lever is provided for normalizing all of the bookkeeping features so that the machine may be used as an ordinary adding and listing machine capable of addition, subtraction and the accumulation of positive and true negative totals. words, the normalizing lever will normalize or disable the automatic'carriage tabulation, carrlage control of platen spacing, carriage control of non-add, carriage control of result key selection and release and automatic control of motor bar selection and release for both posting and proof entries. In other words, by a single movement of one lever the machine may be converted from an automatic ledger posting machine, in which the machine is definitely and automatically controlled in each columnar position-of the carriage for a certain program, into a standard machine where any of the result keys or either motor bar can be depressed in any columnar position of the carriage.

For this purpose a normalizing lever 300 (Figs. 1 and 7) is pivoted at 36! to the stationary frame at the back of the machine. This lever 360 has the rearwardly projecting arm 88 which was previously referred to and which carries the stud 55. This stud is also adapted to engage a detent arm 383 pivoted at 364 and urged counterclockwise by a spring 365. The detent is formed with two notches in its upper edge for receiving the stud 85 and retaining the normalizing lever in either 01' two positions.

Carriage tabulation is disabled or normalized when thenormalizing lever 360 is moved clockwise (Fig. l) to its rearward position. In so moving the lever the stud 9B is moved forwardly and forwardly and rocks the pawl 85 clockwise or downwardly so that it is ineffective to engage the lower projection 92 on the plate 68 supporting the stop 81'. In other words, the plate 89 and stop 81 are not rocked by the pawl at each cycle of machine operation.

Carriage control of platen line spacing is disabled or normalized by the same normalizer lever 380 so that instead of the platen being spaced only with the carriage in certain columnar positions, the platen will be spaced automatically with each and every machine operation regardless of the columnar position of the carriage. In other words, ordinary listing operations may be performed by the machine. The foregoing is accomplished by a stud 060 carried on the lower end of the arm -88. Stud 366 projects into a cam groove formed in one arm 01' a crank 301 pivoted at 084 and rocks the latter counterclockwise (Fig. 16) when the normalizing lever is moved rearward or clockwise. The lower vertical arm of crank 301 is one side member of a bail 381. The ball engages a tail piece 068 depending from yoke I30, the upper end of which yoke carries the arm I29 and stud I28 which engages the blade I21 and controls platen spacing as previously described. That is. when the normalizing lever 060 is moved clockwise the crank 00'! and ball 361' are cammed counterclockwise and rock theblade I21 and shaft I25 clockwise positloning the line spacing shield I20 so that the platen will be line spaced in each and every machine operation regardless of carriage position.

Carriage control of result key selection and depression is also disabled or normalized, when the normalizing lever 060 is moved clockwise, by means of a link 310 (Fig. '7) connected to the lower end of crank 06'! and having a hooked end engaging a stud Ill projecting from a lever 812 urged clockwise by a spring 313 which is not strong enough to overcome either the spring I" In other 

